LPS and Health Maintenance

(8) Blood Flow and LPS

It has been reported that LPS improves blood flow.
LPS actiavtes macrophages, which are well-known to induce nitric monoxide (NO), having role as a vasodilator. Therefore, one of the mechanism of LPS for improvement of blood flow may be derived from NO-induced vasodilation. Because macrophages remove unnecessary molecules in the body through phagocytosis, it is thought that LPS eliminates degenerative foreign matter in the blood vessels by enhancing macrophage phagocytic activity, thereby improving blood flow. Furthermore, it is known that macrophages produce the vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) when stimulated by LPS (*1, 2). Therefore, LPS is thought to help macrophages enhance VEGF production, which in turn increases the number of capillaries, consequently resulting in improved blood flow. A double-blind study on LPS-containing supplements has indicated that subjects who had ingested such supplements showed improved levels of HbA1c, an intravascular “Advanced Glycation End Products”, and greater increases in the number of capillaries in fingertips (*3).

(*1) Macrophage-Induced Blood Vessels Guide Schwann Cell-Mediated Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves, Cell.2015;162, 1127-1139.
(*2) The Role of Macrophage Phenotype in Vascularization of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds, Biomatrials.2014;35, 4477-44889.
(*3) Effects of 3 months continuous intake of supplement containing Pantoea agglomerans LPS to maintain normal bloodstream in adults: Parallel double-blind randomized controlled study, Food Sci Nutr. 2017;1-10.